Egypt has a very special environment which is a big part of Egyptian history. Egypt is part of the Sahara Desert that runs through Africa. Sahara desert which is one of the hottest and driest deserts in the world. The Sahara desert is very humid and hot at day time and extremely cold at night. People don't live in the desert because of the heat. It hardly rains in Egypt. The reason why people live in Egypt is because the Nile river runs through Egypt that makes rain forests. The Nile river flows North towards the Mediterranean Sea. The water from the Nile River makes grains grow, wheat, barely, beans, lentils, and chickpeas possible. Every year it rained so much in the highlands of Ethiopia that floods are in late summer and fall. The flood was filled up with black dirt. People got water from the Nile River to water crops and they used the irrigation system that they dug up using shovels and picks.